Escape from the illusory worldThe lowest level of the monument exposes the “realm of desire”, a state of mind with a lack of morality, previous to the teachings of the Buddha. The second level shows the “realm of forms”, which is the stage when humans get wiser about the meaning of life and are trying to get virtuous. The third and highest level is the “realm of formlessness”, where one understands already that the visible world is illusory and the real aim of life is in the inside of oneself: purification in order to escape from the circle of reincarnations, meaning sufferings… Are you ready? - MAHAKARMA BINANGGA: Relief numbering of 160 panels
- MAHAKARMA VIBANGGA: Relief the opt of laws, punishment and various sins.
- ELEPHANT: relief that tells the queens dream to Lumbini park in the preparation of the birth of budda (see panel 28)
- JATAKA: The lowest relief of the main wall which shows the prince who married a nymph.
- GANDARYUHA: Sudhana the merchant client who made pilgrimage by searching for spiritual knowledge.
Mahakarmavibhanga Sutra – A Brief Critical AnalysisProf.Dr.Mrs.K.Sankarnarayan K.J. Somaiya Centre for Buddhist Studies
The Buddha’s teaching on kamma (karma) has an important place in the doctrinal foundations of Buddhism. The nature of its moral efficacy is essential to Buddhist philosophy and practice.
The Buddha’s doctrine on kamma has metaphysical implications, but these must be understood through textual analysis that takes into account the context of the Buddha’s discourses. Culture, language, myth, social life and religious rivalries all play a part in the composition of the text, both with regard to what is said and how it is said. The Buddha’s discourses in the canonical texts need to be contextualized as discourses, conversations in which he was in dialogue with his interlocutors: religious and lay inhabitants of his day. An important element of dialogue is that each part of it happens as a response to something preceding it. It does not happen in isolation. The Buddha’s discourses need to be read bearing in mind that he is responding to the world views and life- accounts of others. Keeping this in mind, this paper would like to throw light, in a brief critical analysis, based on the Sanskrit text “ Mahakarmavibhanga Sutra ” (based on Sanskrit fragments preserved in Nepal National Archives) and the Pali Mahakammavibhangasutta as in the Majjhima Nikaya.
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